What is the purpose of the Mantoux test?

The Mantoux test is specifically designed to identify exposure to tuberculosis (TB). It involves the intradermal injection of a small amount of purified protein derivative (PPD) and is commonly used as a screening tool to determine if someone has been infected with the bacteria that cause TB.

When a person has been exposed to the bacteria, their immune system responds to the PPD, resulting in a localized reaction at the injection site within 48 to 72 hours. The size of this reaction is measured to interpret the results. A positive reaction suggests that the individual has been exposed to the TB bacteria, warranting further investigation or treatment.

This test is crucial for controlling the spread of tuberculosis, especially in healthcare settings or areas with high transmission rates. Its specificity in identifying TB exposure makes it an essential tool in public health. Other options do not align with the purpose of the Mantoux test; for instance, measuring blood pressure or assessing kidney function relates to entirely different medical evaluations.